激光驱动惯性约束聚变的打靶过程中，光场不同空间频率的不均匀性会引起内爆的流体力学不稳定性、印痕效应和激光等离子体不稳定性。这些不稳定过程将最终影响内爆压缩倍率，从而影响到点火。为了控制焦斑不均匀性进而抑制不稳定过程，人们提出了束匀滑技术：通过光场调控控制焦斑分布特性，进而控制束靶耦合过程。束匀滑可分为空间域匀滑和时间域匀滑。空间域匀滑通过控制波前形态获得平整的焦斑包络，降低低频不均匀性。时间域匀滑通过控制光束的相干性减弱激光焦斑中的散斑，进而减弱中高频不均匀性。随着抑制更高激光功率密度条件下激光等离子体相互作用的需求愈发紧迫，涌现出一些新型的束匀滑方法。文中介绍了束匀滑技术在大型激光装置上的使用情况，并对目前提出的各种束匀滑技术进行了总结和分析。

As the key part for energy amplification of high-power laser systems, disk amplifiers must work in an extremely clean environment. Different from the traditional cleanliness control scheme of active intake and passive exhaust (AIPE), a new method of active exhaust and passive intake (AEPI) is proposed in this paper. Combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology, through the optimization design of the sizes, shapes, and locations of different outlets and inlets, the turbulence that is unfavorable to cleanliness control is effectively avoided in the disk amplifier cavity during the process of AEPI. Finally, the cleanliness control of the cavity of the disk amplifier can be realized just by once exhaust. Meanwhile, the micro negative pressure environment in the amplifier cavity produced during the exhaust process reduces the requirement for sealing. This method is simple, time saving, gas saving, efficient, and safe. It is also suitable for the cleanliness control of similar amplifiers.

低时间相干脉冲可有效提高激光与等离子相互作用中参量不稳定性的阈值，但高效频率转换难题是实现其工程应用瓶颈之一。系统分析了高功率激光驱动器已有的各类低时间相干脉冲频率转换技术的特性，并基于数值模拟和实验分析了部分掺氘DKDP晶体用于超辐射光倍频、三倍频的特性与工程应用可行性，结果表明掺氘17%左右DKDP晶体可以提高钕玻璃系统超辐射光的倍频效率，理论转换效率可达到约80%，10%梯度掺氘DKDP晶体则可实现5 THz带宽三倍频输出。

在固体激光脉冲放大器中，再生放大器具有增益高、光束质量好以及结构简单等优点，得到了广泛的关注和应用。经过几十年的不断发展，再生放大器已经能够实现数百mJ脉冲能量以及数kW均值功率的稳定输出。增益材料特性、腔型结构、泵浦能力、热效应、元器件性能等诸多方面都会影响再生放大器的输出特性，其中增益材料特性是最根本的因素。由于特性不同，基于不同增益材料体系的再生放大器在结构和功能上都会有较大的差异。基于不同的材料体系，介绍了各类体系下的再生放大器在发展过程中遇到的关键共性问题，以及几类典型的再生放大器及其特点。讨论了再生放大器未来的发展趋势。

The use of low-coherence light is expected to be one of the effective ways to suppress or even eliminate the laser–plasma instabilities that arise in attempts to achieve inertial confinement fusion. In this paper, a review of low-coherence high-power laser drivers and related key techniques is first presented. Work at typical low-coherence laser facilities, including Gekko XII, PHEBUS, Pharos III, and Kanal-2 is described. The many key techniques that are used in the research and development of low-coherence laser drivers are described and analyzed, including low-coherence source generation, amplification, harmonic conversion, and beam smoothing of low-coherence light. Then, recent progress achieved by our group in research on a broadband low-coherence laser driver is presented. During the development of our low-coherence high-power laser facility, we have proposed and implemented many key techniques for working with low-coherence light, including source generation, efficient amplification and propagation, harmonic conversion, beam smoothing, and precise beam control. Based on a series of technological breakthroughs, a kilojoule low-coherence laser driver named Kunwu with a coherence time of only 300 fs has been built, and the first round of physical experiments has been completed. This high-power laser facility provides not only a demonstration and verification platform for key techniques and system integration of a low-coherence laser driver, but also a new type of experimental platform for research into, for example, high-energy-density physics and, in particular, laser–plasma interactions.

激光等离子体相互作用的不稳定性将有望通过降低高功率激光装置输出光束的相干性得到大幅缓解。利用低相干光源作为种子源，采用钕玻璃放大介质，研制成功国际首台kJ级大带宽低相干激光装置，实现了带宽13 nm、能量960 J、脉宽3～10 ns可调，相干时间仅为300 fs的大能量光脉冲输出。输出脉冲光谱匀滑无纵模结构，且谱相位随机分布，可实现脉冲波形和光谱分布的无关联精密调控。该装置不仅成功演示验证了低相干激光驱动器的单元技术及系统集成技术，同时也为激光等离子体相互作用及高能量密度物理研究提供了全新的实验研究平台。

Lens-less Fourier-transform holography has been actively studied because of its simple optical structure and its single-shot recording. However, a low-contrast interferogram between the reference and object waves limits its signal to noise ratio. Here, multi-reference lens-less Fourier-transform holography with a Greek-ladder sieve array is proposed in the experiment and demonstrated effectively to improve the signal to noise ratio. The key technique in our proposed method is a Greek-ladder sieve array, which acts as not only a wave-front modulator but also a beam splitter. With advantages of the common path, single shot, and no need for a lens, this system has enormous potential in imaging and especially in extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray holography.

The spatial resolved method, which measures the laser-induced damage fluence by identifying the location of the damage point in the Gaussian beam three-dimensional direction, is demonstrated. The advantages and practicality of this method have been explained. Taking a triple frequency beam splitter as an example, the defect damage fluence can be accurately calculated by the spatial resolved method. The different defect damage performance of the triple frequency splitter is distinguished under irradiations of only the 355 and 532 nm lasers. The spatial resolved method provides a way to obtain precise information of optical film defect information.